{"id":117565,"date":"2024-10-23T20:43:45","date_gmt":"2024-10-23T13:43:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=117565"},"modified":"2024-10-23T20:43:45","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T13:43:45","slug":"this-mysterious-molecule-is-crucial-to-brain-health-and-we-may-finally-know-why-sciencealert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=117565","title":{"rendered":"This Mysterious Molecule Is Crucial to Brain Health, And We May Finally Know Why : ScienceAlert"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>A crucial molecule for brain health acts as a garbage collector of other fat molecules (lipids), despite also being a lipid itself.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.025em;\">So for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/0009308474900346\">more than half a century<\/a>, researchers have puzzled over how these lipid molecules, <span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.45px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lipidmaps.org\/resources\/lipidweb\/lipidweb_html\/lipids\/complex\/lysobpa\/index.htm\">called BMP, <\/a><\/span><\/span>aren&#8217;t disposed of with the rest of the fats they harvest.<\/p>\n<p>Cell biologist Shubham Singh from the Sloan Kettering Institute in New York and colleagues have now uncovered the secret to BMP&#8217;s degradation-eluding skills lies in the way a pair of molecules form it into a resistant structure.<\/p>\n<p>Their findings also help to explain how abnormal levels of BMP are linked to a higher risk of dementia, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/go\/IaO\" class=\"lar_link lar_link_outgoing\" data-linkid=\"73015\" data-postid=\"141224\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_self\">Alzheimer&#8217;s<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>BMP is particularly low in the brains of patients with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/frontotemporal-dementia\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20354737\">frontotemporal dementia<\/a>, allowing sugary lipids called gangliosides to accumulate.<\/p>\n<p>At high levels, these molecules are toxic and produce a condition called <a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/genetics\/condition\/gm1-gangliosidosis\/\">gangliosidosis<\/a> that destroys neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Treating cells with gangliosidosis in the lab with BMP leads to their recovery.<\/p>\n<p>With over <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/up-to-13-of-dementia-cases-may-be-a-misdiagnosed-treatable-condition\">10 million cases<\/a> of dementia diagnosed around the world each year, more and more people experience debilitating symptoms of confusion, communication difficulties, and memory loss, either personally or in loved ones.<\/p>\n<p>The more we can understand the biological pathways responsible for cognitive decline, the closer we can get to better managing these <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/brain-waves-can-be-manipulated-while-we-dream-and-it-could-help-treat-dementia\">cureless conditions<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Much like our hands, molecules can have right (R) or left (S) handed configurations. BMP happens to be an oddly left-handed molecule among right-handed fats.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Everything in lipid biochemistry starts from one molecule called glycerol 3-phosphate, and it is R,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hhmi.org\/news\/solving-50-year-old-mystery-could-lead-neurodegenerative-disease-treatments\">explains<\/a> Singh. &#8220;So, at what step do you convert R to S, or right hand to left hand, to make BMP?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Laboratory tests on mice and human cells revealed a pair of enzymes in cellular storage compartments called lysosomes where BMP is produced. T<span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.45px;\">hese two proteins \u2013 c<\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.025em;\">alled <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.025em;\">PLD3 and PLD4 \u2013 give the lipid its unique handedness.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_141246\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-141246\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/10\/LipidRemovesOtherLipidsFromCellButIsntRemovedItself-e1729550915514.jpg\" alt=\"50-Year-Old Mystery Links Brain Cell Fat Disposal to Alzheimer's\" width=\"700\" height=\"468\" class=\"wp-image-141246 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/10\/LipidRemovesOtherLipidsFromCellButIsntRemovedItself-e1729550915514.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/10\/LipidRemovesOtherLipidsFromCellButIsntRemovedItself-e1729550915514-642x429.jpg 642w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/10\/LipidRemovesOtherLipidsFromCellButIsntRemovedItself-e1729550915514-621x415.jpg 621w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/10\/LipidRemovesOtherLipidsFromCellButIsntRemovedItself-e1729550915514-600x401.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-141246\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The molecular reactions involved in making BMP right handed and its involvement in lipid disposal. (<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2024.09.036\">Singh et al., <em>Cell<\/em>, 2024<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.45px;\">Cornell University cell biologist Jeremy Baskin, who was not involved in the study, explains another molecule had been thought to make BMP, but it was the wrong handedness.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We were\u2026 surprised because other people had reported that another enzyme could make BMP,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hhmi.org\/news\/solving-50-year-old-mystery-could-lead-neurodegenerative-disease-treatments\">says<\/a> Baskin.<\/p>\n<p>Crucially, changes to either of these enzymes can increase or decrease levels of BMP in the cells. A mutated form of PLD3 previously <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-05491-6\">associated with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease<\/a> more than halved the amount of BMP produced, Singh and colleagues discovered, suggesting dysregulation of brain lipids may be playing a role in the condition.<\/p>\n<p>Dementia is a complex condition involving a wide range of biological pathways, of which so few are understood. But the more researchers learn about the brain&#8217;s typical functions, the closer we get to understanding the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/newly-identified-proteins-may-explain-devastating-effects-of-alzheimers\">stubbornly incomprehensible<\/a> diseases associated with them too.<\/p>\n<p>This research was published in <em><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2024.09.036\">Cell<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1660802\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/this-mysterious-molecule-is-crucial-to-brain-health-and-we-may-finally-know-why\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A crucial molecule for brain health acts as a garbage collector of other fat molecules (lipids), despite also being a lipid itself. So for more than half a century, researchers &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=117565\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-117565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=117565"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117565\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=117565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=117565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=117565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}