{"id":120488,"date":"2024-10-31T15:28:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T08:28:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=120488"},"modified":"2024-10-31T15:28:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T08:28:46","slug":"scientists-solve-enigma-of-why-lake-geneva-emits-large-quantities-of-co%e2%82%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=120488","title":{"rendered":"Scientists solve enigma of why Lake Geneva emits large quantities of CO\u2082"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2024\/scientists-solve-enigm.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2024\/scientists-solve-enigm.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Climatology of observations and simulations.(&lt;b&gt;A&lt;\/b&gt; to &lt;b&gt;C&lt;\/b&gt;) Climatology of surface (averaged on 0- to 10-m depth) daily observations (Obs.) and models outputs when CP is enabled (i.e., the reference model, Mod. CP) or muted (Mod. noCP). DOY, Day of Year. The continuous colored line represents the daily average from 1981 to 2021; the dotted lines are the SD. The colored bar above represents seasons (sequentially winter-spring-summer-fall) (A) DIC, (B) pH, and (C) &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;co&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;. The gray line represents &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;co&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; at equilibrium with the atmosphere. The vertical dotted lines indicate DOY 50, 180, and 300, for which the vertical &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;co&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; profiles are exemplified in (&lt;b&gt;D&lt;\/b&gt; to &lt;b&gt;F&lt;\/b&gt;). Vertical profiles (daily average \u00b1 SD for 1981\u20132021) over the first 50 m of observed and simulated &lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt;co&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; with enabled or muted CP at (D) DOY 50, (E) DOY 180, and (F) DOY 300. Color codes are the same for (A) to (C). Credit: &lt;i&gt;Science Advances&lt;\/i&gt; (2024). DOI: 10.1126\/sciadv.ado5924\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2024\/scientists-solve-enigm.jpg\" alt=\"Scientists solve enigma of why Lake Geneva emits large quantities of CO2\" title=\"Climatology of observations and simulations.(A to C) Climatology of surface (averaged on 0- to 10-m depth) daily observations (Obs.) and models outputs when CP is enabled (i.e., the reference model, Mod. CP) or muted (Mod. noCP). DOY, Day of Year. The continuous colored line represents the daily average from 1981 to 2021; the dotted lines are the SD. The colored bar above represents seasons (sequentially winter-spring-summer-fall) (A) DIC, (B) pH, and (C) Pco2. The gray line represents Pco2 at equilibrium with the atmosphere. The vertical dotted lines indicate DOY 50, 180, and 300, for which the vertical Pco2 profiles are exemplified in (D to F). Vertical profiles (daily average \u00b1 SD for 1981\u20132021) over the first 50 m of observed and simulated Pco2 with enabled or muted CP at (D) DOY 50, (E) DOY 180, and (F) DOY 300. Color codes are the same for (A) to (C). Credit: Science Advances (2024). DOI: 10.1126\/sciadv.ado5924\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Climatology of observations and simulations.(<b>A<\/b> to <b>C<\/b>) Climatology of surface (averaged on 0- to 10-m depth) daily observations (Obs.) and models outputs when CP is enabled (i.e., the reference model, Mod. CP) or muted (Mod. noCP). DOY, Day of Year. The continuous colored line represents the daily average from 1981 to 2021; the dotted lines are the SD. The colored bar above represents seasons (sequentially winter-spring-summer-fall) (A) DIC, (B) pH, and (C) <i>P<\/i>co<sub>2<\/sub>. The gray line represents <i>P<\/i>co<sub>2<\/sub> at equilibrium with the atmosphere. The vertical dotted lines indicate DOY 50, 180, and 300, for which the vertical <i>P<\/i>co<sub>2<\/sub> profiles are exemplified in (<b>D<\/b> to <b>F<\/b>). Vertical profiles (daily average \u00b1 SD for 1981\u20132021) over the first 50 m of observed and simulated <i>P<\/i>co<sub>2<\/sub> with enabled or muted CP at (D) DOY 50, (E) DOY 180, and (F) DOY 300. Color codes are the same for (A) to (C). Credit: <i>Science Advances<\/i> (2024). DOI: 10.1126\/sciadv.ado5924<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Like most lakes in the world, Lake Geneva is an emitter of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub>). Annually, it produces as much CO<sub>2<\/sub> as the automobile transport of the city of Lausanne (\u2243 150,000 inhabitants). This phenomenon\u2014the production of CO<sub>2<\/sub> by lakes\u2014has been known for years. There is, however, widespread debate as to the mechanisms at work.<\/p>\n<p>Traditional scientific theories suggest that lake CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions are primarily due to the influx of organic matter from surrounding soils. This material, originating from the decomposition of plant and animal residues, is carried into the lake by rainfall, where it is broken down by microorganisms, leading to the release of CO<sub>2<\/sub>. This process is known as respiration.<\/p>\n<p>While this theory accounts for the behavior of some lakes, it doesn&#8217;t apply to Lake Geneva, which receives very little organic matter from its shores. In theory, its annual carbon balance should be neutral, with winter CO<sub>2<\/sub> production (from organic matter decomposition and water mixing) balanced by summer CO<sub>2<\/sub> absorption (due to algae photosynthesis). So why does Lake Geneva still emit large amounts of CO<sub>2<\/sub>?<\/p>\n<p>A team of UNIL scientists has just deciphered the mechanisms involved. Most of the emissions actually come from the natural erosion of rocks in the lake&#8217;s upstream basin. When rainwater hits the rocks, it releases bicarbonate and <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/calcium+ions\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"textTag\">calcium ions<\/a>, which then find their way into the lake. In summer, under the effect of heat and the growth of algae\u2014which change the pH of the water and act as a catalyst\u2014the ions form microparticles of limestone. This is known as calcite precipitation.<\/p>\n<p>This chemical reaction releases CO<sub>2<\/sub>, giving the lake its milky blue-green appearance in the warm season. Algae continue to absorb CO<sub>2<\/sub>, but this is not enough to compensate for the massive production resulting from rock erosion. The additional emissions are therefore the result of a geological process, not just a biological one, as previously thought.<\/p>\n<p>This discovery was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.ado5924\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published<\/a> in <i>Science Advances<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Our results not only explain the <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/carbon+cycle\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"textTag\">carbon cycle<\/a> in Lake Geneva, they also reveal a universal process that applies to several of the world&#8217;s great lakes,&#8221; explains Marie-Elodie Perga, professor of limnology at UNIL&#8217;s Faculty of Geosciences and Environment and co-author of the study.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;This issue had been nagging at me since my thesis,&#8221; she explains. &#8220;Using a scientific infrastructure that is unique in the world\u2014the L\u00e9XPLORE platform\u2014we were able to observe, model and equate these processes on a very fine scale, providing the missing piece to traditional carbon cycle modeling.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Laid out on Lake Geneva, the floating laboratory made it possible to monitor various parameters linked to the carbon cycle, continuously and at high frequency.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the purely scientific interest of this discovery, this new data is central to the fight against <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/global+warming\/\" rel=\"tag\" class=\"textTag\">global warming<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Assessments are carried out every year to identify the emitters (sources) and storages (sinks) of carbon on our planet,&#8221; explains Perga. &#8220;It&#8217;s very important to have in-depth knowledge of how CO<sub>2<\/sub> is naturally transported, stored and transformed between continents, water and the atmosphere. Only a global vision will enable us to take effective action to combat global warming.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2>The L\u00e9XPLORE platform<\/h2>\n<p>L\u00e9XPLORE is a 10 m x 10 m scientific research platform located on Lake Geneva in Switzerland, almost 600 m from the shore. It is equipped with high-tech instrumentation (109 sensors) and provides continuous measurements, day and night, in all weather conditions.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9XPLORE brings together five institutions (EPFL, EAWAG, INRAE, UNIL, UNIGE) conducting cutting-edge, multidisciplinary research on the lake and its atmosphere. It is also used as a training and teaching facility, and as a popularization tool for the general public.<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-main__more p-4\">\n<p><strong>More information:<\/strong><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGa\u00ebl Many et al, Calcite precipitation: The forgotten piece of lakes&#8217; carbon cycle, <i>Science Advances<\/i> (2024). <a data-doi=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.ado5924\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DOI: 10.1126\/sciadv.ado5924<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"d-inline-block text-medium mt-4\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tProvided by<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/partners\/university-of-lausanne\/\">University of Lausanne<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"icon_open\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unil.ch\/central\/en\/home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<use href=\"https:\/\/phys.b-cdn.net\/tmpl\/v6\/img\/svg\/sprite.svg#icon_open\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tScientists solve enigma of why Lake Geneva emits large quantities of CO\u2082 (2024, October 30)<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tretrieved 31 October 2024<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfrom https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-10-scientists-enigma-lake-geneva-emits.html\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script id=\"facebook-jssdk\" async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/sdk.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1660802\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-10-scientists-enigma-lake-geneva-emits.html\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Climatology of observations and simulations.(A to C) Climatology of surface (averaged on 0- to 10-m depth) daily observations (Obs.) and models outputs when CP is enabled (i.e., the reference model, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=120488\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8628],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120488","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=120488"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120488\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=120488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=120488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=120488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}