{"id":120722,"date":"2024-11-01T06:05:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T23:05:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=120722"},"modified":"2024-11-01T06:05:46","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T23:05:46","slug":"how-brain-proteins-shape-neural-connections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=120722","title":{"rendered":"How Brain Proteins Shape Neural Connections"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><strong>Summary: <\/strong>A new study links hundreds of brain proteins to differences in how brain regions communicate, revealing how microscale molecules can influence macroscale brain connectivity. Researchers studied brain samples and scans from elderly participants to map biochemical mechanisms affecting structural and functional connectivity in the brain.<\/p>\n<p>By integrating protein and RNA data with neuroimaging, they identified key proteins associated with communication between brain areas. Dendritic spines\u2014structures on neurons\u2014served as an important bridge, connecting molecular data with brain-wide networks.<\/p>\n<p>The findings illuminate the complex, multi-level architecture supporting human brain function. This research could pave the way for new approaches in understanding neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Researchers identified proteins linked to individual differences in brain connectivity and structural patterns.<\/li>\n<li>Dendritic spine morphometry was crucial in linking molecular signals to brain region communication.<\/li>\n<li>Findings suggest that understanding brain function requires multi-scale data integration across molecules, cells, and brain networks.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong>University of Alabama<\/p>\n<p><strong>A long-standing goal of neuroscience is to understand how molecules and cellular structures on a microscale give rise to communication between brain regions at the macroscale. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u00a0study\u00a0published in\u00a0<em>Nature Neuroscience<\/em>\u00a0now identifies, for the first time, hundreds of brain proteins that explain inter-individual differences in functional connectivity and structural covariation in the human brain.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><picture fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-105806\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience.jpg.webp 1200w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-300x200.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-770x513.jpg.webp 770w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-1155x770.jpg.webp 1155w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-370x247.jpg.webp 370w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-293x195.jpg.webp 293w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-150x100.jpg.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"\/><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience.jpg\" alt=\"This shows neurons.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-770x513.jpg 770w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-1155x770.jpg 1155w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-293x195.jpg 293w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/10\/proteins-brain-connectivity-neurosience-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"\/> <\/picture><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">In this latest study, the hundreds of proteins the researchers identified that explain inter-individual differences in functional connectivity and structural covariation were enriched for proteins involved in synapses, energy metabolism and RNA processing. Credit: Neuroscience News<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cA central goal of neuroscience is to develop an understanding of the brain that ultimately describes the mechanistic basis of human cognition and behavior,\u201d said Jeremy Herskowitz, Ph.D., associate professor in the\u00a0University of Alabama at Birmingham\u00a0Department of Neurology\u00a0and co-corresponding author of the study with Chris Gaiteri, Ph.D., SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.<\/p>\n<p> \u201cThis study demonstrates the feasibility of integrating data from vastly different biophysical scales to provide a molecular understanding of human brain connectivity.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bridging the gap from the molecular scale of proteins and mRNA to the brain-wide neuroimaging scale of functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging \u2014 a span of about seven orders of magnitude \u2014 was made possible by the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project, or ROSMAP, at Rush University, Chicago, Illinois.<\/p>\n<p>ROSMAP enrolls Catholic nuns, priests and brothers age 65 or older, who are without known dementia at time of enrollment. Participants receive medical and psychological evaluations each year and agree to donate their brains after death.<\/p>\n<p>Herskowitz, Gaiteri and colleagues studied postmortem brain samples and data from a unique cohort of 98 ROSMAP participants. Their data types included resting state fMRI, structural MRI, genetics, dendritic spine morphometry, proteomics and gene expression measurements from the superior frontal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus of the brain.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBased on the stability of functional connectivity patterns within individuals, we hypothesized that it is possible to combine postmortem molecular and subcellular data with antemortem neuroimaging data from the same individuals to prioritize molecular mechanisms underlying brain connectivity,\u201d Herskowitz said.<\/p>\n<p>The average age of the ROSMAP participants at time of MRI scan and at death were 88 +\/- 6 years and 91 +\/- 6 years, respectively, with an average time interval between the MRI scan and age at death of 3 +\/- 2 years.<\/p>\n<p>The average postmortem interval to brain sampling was 8.5 +\/- 4.6 hours. In the study, the researchers performed detailed characterization of each omic, cellular and neuroimaging data type, then integrated the different data types using computational clustering algorithms.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The key to the research was using an intermediate scale measurement \u2014 dendritic spine morphometry, the shapes, sizes and densities of the spines \u2014 to link the molecular scale with the brain-wide neuroimaging scale.<\/p>\n<p>The integration of dendritic spine morphometry to contextualize the proteomic and transcriptomic signals was critical for detecting protein association with functional connectivity.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cInitially, the protein and RNA measures could not explain the person-to-person variability in functional connectivity; however, it all clicked once we integrated the dendritic spine morphology to bridge the gap from molecules to inter-brain region communication,\u201d Herskowitz said.<\/p>\n<p>A dendrite is a branched extension from a neuron body that receives impulses from other neurons. Each dendrite can have thousands of small protrusions called spines. The head of each spine can form a contact point called a synapse to receive an impulse sent from the axon of another neuron.<\/p>\n<p>Dendritic spines can rapidly change shape or volume while forming new synapses, part of the process called brain plasticity, and the head of the spine structurally supports postsynaptic density. Spines can be divided into shape subclasses based on their three-dimensional structure as thin, mushroom, stubby or filopodia.<\/p>\n<p>This summer, in a different\u00a0study, Herskowitz and colleagues used ROSMAP samples to show that preservation of memory in the very old was maintained by the quality, as measured by dendritic spine head diameter, not the quantity of synapses in the brain.<\/p>\n<p>In this latest study, the hundreds of proteins the researchers identified that explain inter-individual differences in functional connectivity and structural covariation were enriched for proteins involved in synapses, energy metabolism and RNA processing.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBy integrating data at the genetic, molecular, subcellular and tissue levels, we linked specific biochemical changes at synapses to connectivity between brain regions,\u201d Herskowitz said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOverall, this study indicates that acquiring data across the major perspectives in human neuroscience from the same set of brains is foundational for understanding how human brain function is supported at multiple biophysical scales,\u201d Herskowitz said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhile future research is necessary for fully determining the scope and components of multi-scale brain synchrony, we have established a robustly defined initial set of molecules whose effects likely resonate across biophysical scales.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Besides Herskowitz and Gaiteri, co-authors of the\u00a0study, \u201cMultiscale Integration Identifies Synaptic Proteins Associated with Human Brain Connectivity,\u201d are Bernard Ng, Shinya Tasaki and David A. Bennett, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; Kelsey M. Greathouse, Courtney K. Walker, Audrey J. Weber, Ashley B. Adamson, Julia P. Andrade, Emily H. Poovey, Kendall A. Curtis and Hamad M. Muhammad, UAB Department of Neurology and\u00a0Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics; Ada Zhang, SUNY Upstate Medical University; Sydney Covitz, Matt Cieslak, Jakob Seidlitz, Ted Satterthwaite and Jacob Vogel, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Nicholas T. Seyfried, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Funding: <\/strong>Support came from National Institutes of Health grants AG061800, AG061798, AG057911, AG067635, AG054719, AG063755, AG068024, NS061788, AG10161, AG72975, AG15819, AG17917, AG46152 and AG61356.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">About this neuroscience and genetics research news<\/h2>\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ffffe8\"><strong>Author: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/cdn-cgi\/l\/email-protection#53393635353b323d20132632317d363726\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jeffrey Hansen<\/a><br \/><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/uab.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">University of Alabama<\/a><br \/><strong>Contact: <\/strong>Jeffrey Hansen \u2013 University of Alabama<br \/><strong>Image: <\/strong>The image is credited to Neuroscience News<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ffffe8\"><strong>Original Research: <\/strong>Open access.<br \/>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41593-024-01788-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Integration across biophysical scales identifies molecular and cellular correlates of person-to-person variability in human brain connectivity<\/a>\u201d by Jeremy Herskowitz et al. <em>Nature Neuroscience<\/em><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"\/>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Integration across biophysical scales identifies molecular and cellular correlates of person-to-person variability in human brain connectivity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Brain connectivity arises from interactions across biophysical scales, ranging from molecular to cellular to anatomical to network level. To date, there has been little progress toward integrated analysis across these scales.<\/p>\n<p>To bridge this gap, from a unique cohort of 98 individuals, we collected antemortem neuroimaging and genetic data, as well as postmortem dendritic spine morphometric, proteomic and gene expression data from the superior frontal and inferior temporal gyri.<\/p>\n<p>Through the integration of the molecular and dendritic spine morphology data, we identified hundreds of proteins that explain interindividual differences in functional connectivity and structural variation.<\/p>\n<p>These proteins are enriched for synaptic structures and functions, energy metabolism and RNA processing. By integrating data at the genetic, molecular, subcellular and tissue levels, we link specific biochemical changes at synapses to connectivity between brain regions.<\/p>\n<p>These results demonstrate the feasibility of integrating data from vastly different biophysical scales to provide a more comprehensive understanding of brain connectivity.<\/p>\n<p> <!-- Form created by Optin Forms plugin by WPKube: create beautiful optin forms with ease! --> <!-- https:\/\/wpkube.com\/ --><!--optinforms-form5-container--> <!-- \/ Optin Forms --> <\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1660802\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/rna-proteins-brain-connectivity-27956\/\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Summary: A new study links hundreds of brain proteins to differences in how brain regions communicate, revealing how microscale molecules can influence macroscale brain connectivity. Researchers studied brain samples and &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=120722\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=120722"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120722\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=120722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=120722"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=120722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}