{"id":123142,"date":"2024-11-07T16:17:49","date_gmt":"2024-11-07T09:17:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=123142"},"modified":"2024-11-07T16:17:49","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T09:17:49","slug":"physicists-stir-a-supersolid-for-first-time-proving-its-bizarre-dual-nature-sciencealert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=123142","title":{"rendered":"Physicists Stir a Supersolid For First Time, Proving Its Bizarre Dual Nature : ScienceAlert"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>Scientists on Wednesday said that they have successfully stirred a strange matter called a &#8220;supersolid&#8221; \u2013 which is both rigid and fluid \u2013 for the first time, providing direct proof of the dual nature of this quantum oddity.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>In everyday life, there are four  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/states-of-matter\" class=\"lar_link lar_link_outgoing\" data-linkid=\"73105\" data-postid=\"142804\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_self\">states of matter<\/a> \u2013 solid, liquid, gas, and the rarer plasma.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>But physicists have long been investigating what are known as &#8220;exotic&#8221; states of matter, which are created at incredibly high energy levels or temperatures so cold they approach absolute zero (-273.15 degrees Celsius or -459.67 degrees Fahrenheit).<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>Under these extreme conditions, matter starts behaving very differently from what we are used to.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>Fluids such as liquid or gas may get more or less resistance to flow, which is measured by viscosity. Honey, for example, is more viscous than water.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>Superfluids, an extremely cold exotic matter, have zero viscosity \u2013 there is no resistance so they flow freely.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>If a superfluid was stirred in a cup, it would flow around indefinitely without ever slowing down.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>More than half a century ago, physicists predicted the existence of a &#8220;supersolid&#8221; state.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>It is matter that has the properties of both a solid and a superfluid, in which a fraction of the atoms flow friction-free through the lattice \u2013 a regular arrangement of points or objects \u2013 of a rigid crystal structure.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<h2>&#8216;Like holes in Gruyere cheese&#8217;<\/h2>\n<p>Researchers had previously managed to observe these crystal structures inside supersolids in several ways.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>But a direct observation of the bizarre manner in which this matter flows has remained elusive, said Francesca Ferlaino, a physicist at Austria&#8217;s University of Innsbruck.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>Until a new study led by Ferlaino was published in the journal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-024-08149-7\"><em>Nature<\/em> <\/a>on Wednesday.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>The team managed to stir a supersolid to observe the tiny whirlpools \u2013 called quantized vortices \u2013 which are the &#8220;smoking gun of superfluidity&#8221;, Ferlaino told AFP.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Imagine you have a cup of  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/how-does-caffeine-wake-you-up\" class=\"lar_link lar_link_outgoing\" data-linkid=\"73115\" data-postid=\"142804\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_self\">coffee<\/a>, and you give it a little swirl with a spoon,&#8221; she explained.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;You&#8217;ll see the coffee spinning around the center, and if you look closely, there might be a whirlpool in the middle where the liquid is swirling the fastest. This is a classic example of a vortex in a regular fluid.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>Now imagine the coffee is replaced with a superfluid.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;If you swirl the spoon slowly, you&#8217;ll be surprised to see that the superfluid doesn&#8217;t rotate along with the spoon at all \u2013 it remains perfectly still, as if nothing disturbed it,&#8221; Ferlaino said.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;However, if you swirl the spoon faster, instead of forming one large whirlpool in the center, something remarkable happens. A series of tiny whirlpools, or quantised vortices, begin to appear,&#8221; she said.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;These are like small holes in the fluid, each rotating at a specific speed,&#8221; she explained.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Instead, they arrange themselves in beautiful, regular patterns across the surface of the superfluid, almost like the holes in a piece of Gruyere cheese, but perfectly organized.&#8221;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_142823\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-142823\" style=\"width: 642px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/quantum-vortices-confi-642x851.jpg\" alt=\"Three yellow glowing blobs on a blue background\" width=\"642\" height=\"851\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-142823\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/quantum-vortices-confi-642x851.jpg 642w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/quantum-vortices-confi-313x415.jpg 313w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/quantum-vortices-confi-768x1018.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/quantum-vortices-confi-1159x1536.jpg 1159w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/quantum-vortices-confi-1545x2048.jpg 1545w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/quantum-vortices-confi-600x795.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 642px) 100vw, 642px\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-142823\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Simulation of quantum vortices superimposed with experimental data. (<a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-11-quantum-vortices-superfluidity-supersolid.html#google_vignette\">University of Innsbruck)<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Exploding stars<\/h2>\n<p>In 2021, the Innsbruck University team created a long-lived, two-dimensional supersolid by cooling particular atoms and molecules to extremely low temperatures in the lab.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The next step \u2013 developing a way to stir the supersolid without destroying its fragile state \u2013 required even greater precision,&#8221; lead study author Eva Casotti said.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>The team used magnetic fields to carefully rotate their supersolid, stirring it up to create the pretty quantized vortices.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Our findings give us strong, direct proof of the dual nature of a supersolid state,&#8221; Ferlaino said.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>The researchers say the breakthrough will make it possible to simulate phenomena in the lab that normally only occur under truly extreme conditions.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>This includes what happens at the heart of neutron stars, the incredibly dense and compact cores left behind when massive stars go supernova.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;It is assumed that the change in rotational speed observed in neutron stars \u2013 so-called glitches \u2013 are caused by superfluid vortices trapped inside neutron stars,&#8221; Thomas Bland, who worked on the project, <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-11-quantum-vortices-superfluidity-supersolid.html\">said<\/a> in a statement.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/terms-and-conditions\">Agence France-Presse<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1660802\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/physicists-stir-a-supersolid-for-first-time-proving-its-bizarre-dual-nature\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scientists on Wednesday said that they have successfully stirred a strange matter called a &#8220;supersolid&#8221; \u2013 which is both rigid and fluid \u2013 for the first time, providing direct proof &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=123142\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8628],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=123142"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123142\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=123142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=123142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=123142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}