{"id":123675,"date":"2024-11-09T01:53:47","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T18:53:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=123675"},"modified":"2024-11-09T01:53:47","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T18:53:47","slug":"humans-big-brains-may-not-be-the-reason-for-difficult-childbirth-chimp-study-suggests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=123675","title":{"rendered":"Humans&#8217; big brains may not be the reason for difficult childbirth, chimp study suggests"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div itemprop=\"articleBody\" id=\"article-body\">\n<p>Difficult births are not unique to humans, a new analysis of chimpanzee pelvic bones has revealed.<\/p>\n<p>The findings suggest that complicated births may not have arisen in humans as a trade-off between our need for big brains and pelvises suitable for upright walking \u2014 a notion termed &#8220;the obstetrical dilemma.&#8221;<\/p>\n<aside class=\"hawk-nest\" data-block-type=\"embed\" data-render-type=\"fte\" data-skip=\"dealsy\" data-widget-type=\"seasonal\"\/>\n<p>Instead, it&#8217;s likely &#8220;the obstetrical dilemma started much earlier than the old hypothesis predicted and was present in the last common ancestor shared by chimps and humans,&#8221; <a data-analytics-id=\"inline-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dmu.edu\/directory\/caroline-vansickle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Caroline VanSickle<\/u><\/a>, a biological anthropologist at Des Moines University, who was not involved in the study, told Live Science in an email.<\/p>\n<p>What&#8217;s more, &#8220;our ancestors the australopithecines likely were already susceptible to the birth complications that we encounter today,&#8221; study lead author <a data-analytics-id=\"inline-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iem.uzh.ch\/en\/people\/evolmorph\/NicoleWebb.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Nicole Webb<\/u><\/a>, a paleoanthropologist at the University of Zurich, told Live Science in an email, &#8220;and they may have even required some sort of birth assistance like us.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Related: <\/strong><a data-analytics-id=\"inline-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/animals\/which-animal-can-have-the-most-babies-at-one-time\" data-before-rewrite-localise=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/animals\/which-animal-can-have-the-most-babies-at-one-time\"><u><strong>Which animal can have the most babies at one time?<\/strong><\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Those birthing challenges include problems such as shoulder dystocia, where the baby&#8217;s shoulder gets stuck, and obstructed labor, which today can be solved by procedures such as cesarean section.<\/p>\n<p>In a study published Oct. 23 in the journal <a data-analytics-id=\"inline-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41559-024-02558-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution<\/u><\/a>, Webb and her team digitally scanned pelvic bones from 29 chimpanzees and generated 3D models. The team looked for subtle differences between male and female pelvises.<\/p>\n<div id=\"slice-container-newsletterForm-articleInbodyContent-ZfZkeRCnTvDCcxvQmq8xDV\" class=\"slice-container newsletter-inbodyContent-slice newsletterForm-articleInbodyContent-ZfZkeRCnTvDCcxvQmq8xDV slice-container-newsletterForm\">\n<div data-hydrate=\"true\" class=\"newsletter-form__wrapper newsletter-form__wrapper--inbodyContent\">\n<div class=\"newsletter-form__container\">\n<section class=\"newsletter-form__top-bar\"\/>\n<section class=\"newsletter-form__main-section\">\n<p class=\"newsletter-form__strapline\">Get the world\u2019s most fascinating discoveries delivered straight to your inbox.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>By analyzing the shapes of the chimp pelvic bones, Webb and colleagues found that females had larger, rounder pelvic canals and that the tops of females&#8217; hip bones were oriented differently than males&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p>The fact that the team found differences in childbirth-related regions of the pelvis suggests there is significant evolutionary pressure to keep that region suitable for carrying and delivering babies, Webb said.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"van-image-figure inline-layout\" data-bordeaux-image-check=\"\">\n<div class=\"image-full-width-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"image-widthsetter\" style=\"max-width:1600px;\">\n<p class=\"vanilla-image-block\" style=\"padding-top:56.25%;\"><picture><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-320-80.jpg.webp 320w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-480-80.jpg.webp 480w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-650-80.jpg.webp 650w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-970-80.jpg.webp 970w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-1024-80.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-1200-80.jpg.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1000px) 970px, calc(100vw - 40px)\"\/><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"3D simulation of the birth canal of chimpanzees with (left) the fetal head in a fully extended position, the typical head alignment in apes, and (right) the fetal head in a fully flexed position, the usual head alignment in humans.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-320-80.jpg 320w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-480-80.jpg 480w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-650-80.jpg 650w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-970-80.jpg 970w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-1024-80.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP-1200-80.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1000px) 970px, calc(100vw - 40px)\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP.jpg\" data-pin-media=\"https:\/\/cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net\/zxZBMMeHoRy4PGf5sEY9QP.jpg\"\/><\/picture><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption itemprop=\"caption description\" class=\" inline-layout\"><span class=\"caption-text\">3D simulation of the birth canal of chimpanzees with (left) the fetal head in a fully extended position, the typical head alignment in apes, and (right) the fetal head in a fully flexed position, the usual head alignment in humans. <\/span><span class=\"credit\" itemprop=\"copyrightHolder\">(Image credit: Haeusler &amp; Webb, University of Zurich\/Senckenberg)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In their 3D simulations of chimpanzee birth, the researchers also found a &#8220;tight cephalopelvic fit&#8221; \u2014 meaning the space between the fetal skull and the maternal pelvis is very small in chimpanzees, just as it is in humans.<\/p>\n<p>This human-like pelvic characteristic is surprising, the researchers noted in their study, particularly because, in humans, the tight fit of our infants is usually explained by a trade-off between needing to walk upright \u2014 which requires a shorter and wider pelvis with a birth canal that is narrow front-to-back \u2014 and giving birth to big-brained babies.<\/p>\n<p>Humans can give birth to infants with large heads thanks in part to a complicated rotational birth, where the fetus twists and turns in the birth canal, usually emerging face down.<\/p>\n<p>But great apes don&#8217;t have giant brains, nor do they move around on two feet, so the human-like pelvic traits seen in the chimpanzees led the researchers to wonder why there is a tight fit in chimps. It also raised questions about the origins of the obstetrical dilemma. &#8220;It is not primarily an adaptation to giving birth to large-brained infants because we show in this study that these changes happen prior to significant brain expansion,&#8221; Webb said.<\/p>\n<p>To explain these differences, there were probably gradual obstetrical compromises over millions of years of primate evolution, Webb and colleagues suggest in the study.<\/p>\n<p>Long before humans began to give birth to large-brained infants, and even before our ancestors began to walk on two feet, evolutionary trade-offs arose between the need for a large birth canal and the need for primates with upright torsos to move and climb.<\/p>\n<p>In the researchers\u2019 new theory, human infants are born helpless, with brains that continue to grow after birth; otherwise, they would not make it out of the birth canal. &#8220;Chimps may be subtly trending towards this pattern too,&#8221; Webb said.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;If true, anthropologists may have found an explanation for why some of our bipedal ancestors seemed to have a challenging time giving birth despite having small brains \u2014 they may have faced the same birthing challenges as that common ancestor shared with chimpanzees!&#8221; VanSickle said.<\/p>\n<p>A fuller reconstruction of chimpanzee birth is needed to better understand the evolution of both humans and our ape relatives, but direct observation of great-ape birth is rare.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Ideally, future work will figure out how to model the non-skeletal components of chimpanzee birth, which may someday lead us to modeling birth in human ancestors,&#8221; VanSickle suggested.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1660802\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/animals\/humans-big-brains-may-not-be-the-reason-for-difficult-childbirth-chimp-study-suggests\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Difficult births are not unique to humans, a new analysis of chimpanzee pelvic bones has revealed. The findings suggest that complicated births may not have arisen in humans as a &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=123675\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8628],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=123675"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123675\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=123675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=123675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=123675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}