{"id":132040,"date":"2024-12-01T07:10:49","date_gmt":"2024-12-01T00:10:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=132040"},"modified":"2024-12-01T07:10:49","modified_gmt":"2024-12-01T00:10:49","slug":"scientists-recreated-an-antibiotic-molecule-found-in-a-volcanic-crater-sciencealert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=132040","title":{"rendered":"Scientists Recreated an Antibiotic Molecule Found in a Volcanic Crater : ScienceAlert"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>Antibiotics discovered <span>in the soil of a <a href=\"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jlac.197419740706\">Cameroon volcano half a century ago<\/a> have finally been reverse-engineered by Japanese researchers, giving medical scientists a new potential drug in the fight against infection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p><span>In 1974, German chemist Axel Zeeck and his Turkish colleague Mithat Mardin showed red pigments produced by the bacterium <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Streptomyces_arenae\"><em>Streptomyces arenae<\/em> <\/a><\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.025em;\">have antimicrobial properties<\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.025em;\">, making them an attractive material for pharmacologists to tinker with.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p><span>Synthesizing the potentially useful compounds known as \u03b2- and \u03b3-naphthocyclinone in useful quantities proved to be a challenge. <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.45px;\">Some trial and error is often required to figure out the necessary chemical reactions, though complexity of the naphthocyclinones make them difficult to create without introducing a wide variety of byproducts along the way.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p><span>Only now have r<\/span>esearchers from the Institute of Science Tokyo been able to get the job done, using an approach known as <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Retrosynthetic_analysis\">retrosynthetic analysis<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>As you might guess from the name, it involves working backwards from a target molecule to figure out its basic building blocks. It&#8217;s a bit like breaking down a complex machine into its component parts \u2013 parts that are easier to understand and assemble.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_144231\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-144231\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/CompoundProcess.jpg\" alt=\"Compound process\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1054\" class=\"wp-image-144231 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/CompoundProcess.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/CompoundProcess-642x529.jpg 642w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/CompoundProcess-504x415.jpg 504w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/CompoundProcess-768x632.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/images\/2024\/11\/CompoundProcess-600x494.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-144231\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The researchers did some reverse engineering to synthesize the compounds. (Institute of Science Tokyo)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The team started with \u03b2-naphthocyclinone, as \u03b3-naphthocyclinone can be considered a variation. <span style=\"letter-spacing: -0.025em;\">Like many large molecules, a combination of simpler molecular units served as a starting point for the compound&#8217;s construction. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>Bridging the two units is a complex molecule called bicyclo[3.2.1]octadienone, though getting the chemical into the perfect position without changing the other components or creating an entirely different product is easier said than done.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>Guided by their retrosynthetic recipe and applying a number of advanced chemistry methods, the researchers found a path that allowed them to position the pieces with precision and bond them in a way that didn&#8217;t affect their function.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>The moment of truth came in comparing the exact 3D atom arrangements \u2013 or in scientific terms, the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Circular_dichroism\">circular dichroism<\/a> spectra \u2013 of the synthesized compounds with those created by nature in the volcano.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The circular dichroism spectra of our synthesized compounds were identical to those of naturally occurring ones, implying that the absolute configuration of synthetic and natural molecules was the same,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-11-successful-synthesis-elusive-antibiotic-compounds.html&amp;sa=D&amp;source=docs&amp;ust=1732254572218113&amp;usg=AOvVaw3m4frKOAx6NCZW9tosxTfu\">says<\/a> chemist Yoshio Ando from the Institute of Science Tokyo.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>These methods finally enabled the researchers to synthesize \u03b2-naphthocyclinone with a yield of at least 70 percent (so 70 percent of the maximum amount expected given the starting materials).<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>They then used another chemical process, oxidative lactonization, to produce \u03b3-naphthocyclinone with a yield of 87 percent. The two compounds are similar, but \u03b3-naphthocyclinone has some added extras.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/promising-new-antibiotics-could-be-hiding-in-our-gut-microbiomes\">Synthesizing the antibiotics<\/a> in a lab could see them produced in larger quantities for medical and research use: there&#8217;s no need to take regular trips back to a volcano, for example. What&#8217;s more, the researchers think the carefully calibrated approaches they used here can be used in future studies as well \u2013 particularly in synthesizing other compounds with similar structures.<\/p>\n<p><!-- START single\/mrec --><br \/>\n<!-- END single\/mrec --><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Further efforts along these lines are already in progress in our laboratory,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-11-successful-synthesis-elusive-antibiotic-compounds.html\">says<\/a> Ando.<\/p>\n<p>The research has been published in <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/anie.202415108\"><em>Angewandte Chemie International Edition<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1660802\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencealert.com\/scientists-recreated-an-antibiotic-molecule-found-in-a-volcanic-crater\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Antibiotics discovered in the soil of a Cameroon volcano half a century ago have finally been reverse-engineered by Japanese researchers, giving medical scientists a new potential drug in the fight &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=132040\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8628],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-132040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=132040"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/132040\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=132040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=132040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=132040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}