{"id":133817,"date":"2024-12-06T03:34:50","date_gmt":"2024-12-05T20:34:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=133817"},"modified":"2024-12-06T03:34:50","modified_gmt":"2024-12-05T20:34:50","slug":"new-appetite-regulating-neurons-discovered","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=133817","title":{"rendered":"New Appetite Regulating Neurons Discovered"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><strong>Summary: <\/strong>Researchers have identified a previously unknown population of neurons in the hypothalamus that play a critical role in regulating appetite. These neurons express both leptin receptors and the BNC2 gene, making them highly responsive to hunger-suppressing signals and food-related sensory cues.<\/p>\n<p>When researchers genetically disrupted these neurons in mice, the animals ate more and gained weight, highlighting their importance in energy balance. This discovery provides a potential new target for obesity treatments, offering hope for more effective therapies in combating the growing obesity epidemic.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key Facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>BNC2 neurons in the hypothalamus are newly identified as key regulators of hunger and food intake.<\/li>\n<li>Disrupting leptin receptors in these neurons caused mice to eat more and gain weight.<\/li>\n<li>These neurons respond to food cues like palatability and nutritional status, unlike previously known populations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong>University of Maryland<\/p>\n<p><strong>Obesity affects a staggering 40 percent of adults and 20 percent of children in the United States. While some new popular therapies are helping to tackle the epidemic of obesity, there is still so much that researchers do not understand about the brain-body connection that regulates appetite. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Now, researchers have discovered a previously unknown population of neurons in the hypothalamus that regulate food intake and could be a promising new target for obesity drugs.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><picture fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-106779\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience.jpg.webp 1200w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-300x200.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-770x513.jpg.webp 770w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-1155x770.jpg.webp 1155w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-370x247.jpg.webp 370w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-293x195.jpg.webp 293w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-150x100.jpg.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"\/><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience.jpg\" alt=\"This shows a brain and food.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-770x513.jpg 770w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-1155x770.jpg 1155w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-293x195.jpg 293w, https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/files\/2024\/12\/leptin-appetite-neurons-neuroscience-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"\/> <\/picture><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">In addition, researchers added fluorescence to the BNC2 neurons and noticed when they fed mice after fasting, the BCN2 neurons activated, whereas previously known neuronal populations in the hypothalamus did not react. Credit: Neuroscience News<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In a study published in the\u00a0Dec. 5\u00a0issue of\u00a0<em>Nature<\/em>, a team of researchers from the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics at Rockefeller University in New York, the Institute for Genome Science (IGS) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) in Baltimore, as well as New York and Stanford Universities discovered a new population of neurons that is responsive to the hormone leptin.<\/p>\n<p>Leptin responsive neurons are important in obesity since leptin is sent to the brain from the body\u2019s fat stores to suppress hunger.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve long known that the hypothalamus\u2014located deep in the brain\u2014plays a role in hunger, hormone levels, stress responses, and body temperature,\u201d said Brian Herb, PhD, a scientist at IGS and a Research Associate of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Drug Development at UMSOM.<\/p>\n<p>His research published in 2023 in\u00a0<em>Science Advances<\/em>\u00a0was the first time that scientists used single-cell technology to map the cells in the developing hypothalamus in humans, from precursor stem cells to mature neurons.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSince our earlier research showed that unique regulatory programs in genes give rise to specialized neuronal populations\u2014it makes sense that this new research discovered a previously unknown set of neurons that regulate energy and food intake,\u201d Dr. Herb added<\/p>\n<p>Through several experiments with mice, the researchers found that this previously unknown neuronal population that express both receptors for leptin and the\u00a0<em>BNC2<\/em>\u00a0gene not only helps suppress hunger, but also responds to food-related sensory cues, such as food palatability and nutritional status. For example, the researchers used CRISPR-Cas 9 to knock out the leptin receptor (LEPR) in these BNC2 neurons.<\/p>\n<p>Those mice ate more and gained more weight than control mice. In addition, researchers added fluorescence to the BNC2 neurons and noticed when they fed mice after fasting, the BCN2 neurons activated, whereas previously known neuronal populations in the hypothalamus did not react.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThese findings add a critical new component to our understanding of how neurons impact appetite and obesity,\u201d Dr. Herb said. \u201cThis could be a future target for obesity treatment, such as by activating these neurons to reduce weight or suppress hunger.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">About this appetite and neuroscience research news<\/h2>\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ffffe8\"><strong>Author: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/cdn-cgi\/l\/email-protection#642c25110a03171024170b094a110905161d08050a004a010011\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Heide Aungst<\/a><br \/><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/umaryland.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">University of Maryland<\/a><br \/><strong>Contact: <\/strong>Heide Aungst \u2013 University of Maryland<br \/><strong>Image:<\/strong> The image is credited to Neuroscience News<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ffffe8\"><strong>Original Research: <\/strong>Open access.<br \/>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-024-08108-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Leptin Activated Hypothalamic BNC2 Neurons Acutely Suppress Food Intake<\/a>\u201d by Brian Herb et al. <em>Nature<\/em><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"\/>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Leptin Activated Hypothalamic BNC2 Neurons Acutely Suppress Food Intake<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Leptin is an adipose tissue hormone that maintains homeostatic control of adipose tissue mass by regulating the activity of specific neural populations controlling appetite and metabolism.<\/p>\n<p>Leptin regulates food intake by inhibiting orexigenic agouti-related protein (AGRP) neurons and activating anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. However, whereas AGRP neurons regulate food intake on a rapid time scale, acute activation of POMC neurons has only a minimal effect.<\/p>\n<p>This has raised the possibility that there is a heretofore unidentified leptin-regulated neural population that rapidly suppresses appetite.<\/p>\n<p>Here we report the discovery of a new population of leptin-target neurons expressing basonuclin 2 (<em>Bnc2<\/em>) in the arcuate nucleus that acutely suppress appetite by directly inhibiting AGRP neurons.<\/p>\n<p>Opposite to the effect of AGRP activation, BNC2 neuronal activation elicited a place preference indicative of positive valence in hungry but not fed mice. The activity of BNC2 neurons is modulated by leptin, sensory food cues and nutritional status.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, deleting leptin receptors in BNC2 neurons caused marked hyperphagia and obesity, similar to that observed in a leptin receptor knockout in AGRP neurons.<\/p>\n<p>These data indicate that BNC2-expressing neurons are a key component of the neural circuit that maintains energy balance, thus filling an important gap in our understanding of the regulation of food intake and leptin action.<\/p>\n<p> <!-- Form created by Optin Forms plugin by WPKube: create beautiful optin forms with ease! --> <!-- https:\/\/wpkube.com\/ --><!--optinforms-form5-container--> <!-- \/ Optin Forms --> <\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\r\n     data-ad-layout-key=\"-fb+5w+4e-db+86\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"7910942971\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1660802\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/neurosciencenews.com\/leptin-bnc2-appetite-28187\/\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Summary: Researchers have identified a previously unknown population of neurons in the hypothalamus that play a critical role in regulating appetite. These neurons express both leptin receptors and the BNC2 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/?p=133817\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-133817","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=133817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133817\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=133817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=133817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hotvideos24.online\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=133817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}